Multiple Sclerosis

What is multiple sclerosis?

A result of an autoimmune disorder, multiple sclerosis — typically abbreviated MS — results from the deterioration of the myelin sheath that coats nerve tissue. When the nerve is exposed due to the failure of myelin, unpredictable results can occur, as the signals delivered by the nerves are compromised. As the disease progresses, these unprotected nerves may become damaged and unable to perform their functions.

There are three types of nerves. Some control sensation, others deal with movement, and others are part of involuntary systems, such as respiration and heartbeat. The effects of MS depend on the function of the nerves that are deteriorating, as well as the extent of the damage. Some people may lose the ability to walk, while others may have few symptoms, or they may undergo long periods of remission.

MS has no cure, and researchers don’t know why your body’s immune system starts to attack the myelin coating around nerves. As with most autoimmune disorders, women are affected more frequently than men.

What are the symptoms of MS?

Though the symptoms you experience may be highly individualized, there are some conditions that tend to occur frequently. These include:

• Numbness, tingling, or weakness in one or more limbs, on one side of the body at a time
• Lack of coordination, tremors, and unsteady walking
• Slurring or other lack of speech control
• Bladder and bowel function problems

Patients may also experience vision issues, including prolonged double vision, complete or partial vision loss, or pain associated with eye movement. 

How is MS treated?

Treatment of MS usually focuses on managing symptoms, slowing the progression of the disease, and speeding recovery from attacks. It’s possible that your symptoms are minor enough to prevent the need for treatment, but likely you’ll be monitored closely for signs of progression

When you’re having a period of MS attacks, your doctor at South Valley Neurology may prescribe corticosteroids to reduce nerve inflammation, or a blood plasma exchange if steroids prove ineffective.

Depending on your type of MS, drug therapies might be able to alter how the disease progresses. Primary-progressive MS has only one Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, but relapsing-remitting MS has several options.

To learn more about treatment options for multiple sclerosis, call South Valley Neurology to book your appointment today.